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Table 3 Comparison between the gene expression levels in dried nasal swabs

From: Identification of body fluids—menstrual blood, saliva, and nasal secretions—over different periods of time, using mRNA

Nasal genes (mean ± SD)

STATH

B-actin

p value

BPIFA1

B-actin

p value

STATH

BPIFA1

p value

28.05 ± 2.91

24.99 ± 3.15

0.003**

33.78 ± 4.41

24.99 ± 3.15

< 0.001**

28.05 ± 2.91

33.78 ± 4.41

<0.001**

25.90 ± 3.53

20.15 ± 2.41

< 0.001**

32.21 ± 3.02

20.15 ± 2.41

< 0.001**

25.90 ± 3.53

32.21 ± 3.02

<0.001**

21.81 ± 3.62

18.57 ± 2.37

0.002**

27.78 ± 4.69

18.57 ± 2.37

< 0.001**

21.81 ± 3.62

27.78 ± 4.69

0.001**

  1. B-actin Beta-actin, STATH Statherin, BPIFA1 Lipid-binding protein that plays a role in the innate immune responses of the upper airway, SD Standard deviation
  2. Paired t test (*P is significant if < 0.05, **P is highly significant if < 0.01)