Author | Year and country | Sample size (n) | Formulaa | Error estimateb | Specifications |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gustafson (Gustafson 1950) | 1950 Sweden | n=146 teeth | Age: 11.43 + 4.56X where X equalled overall score | Standard error = ±3.4 years Correlation r = 0.91 | First histological method |
Dalitz (Dalitz 1962) | 1962 Australia | n= 146 teeth (4 teeth per person) | Estimated age= 8.691+ 5.146A+ 5.338P+ 1.866S+ 8.411T | r = 0.88 | Root resorption and cementum apposition can be disregarded |
Bang & Ramm (Bang and Ramm 1971) | 1970 Norway | n= 1013 teeth (only dentin translucency was considered) | Age= B0 + (B1aX) + (B2aX2) | Mean error = ±4.7 years r = 0.61 to 0.83 | Only intact roots measured and histologic sections might not reflect real limit of transparent dentin. |
Johanson (Johanson 1971) | 1971 | n= 162 teeth | Age= 11.02+ (5.14 x A) + (2.3 x S) + (4.14 x P) + (3.71 x C) + (5.57 x R) + (8.98 x T) | ±5.16 years r= 0.92 | Most appreciated method Ground section to be 0.25 mm |
Maples (Maples and Rice 1979) | 1978 USA | n= 19 teeth | Root resorption had weakest correlation while best were secondary dentin and root transparency. | ±7.03 years r = 0.90 | Simpler method |
Kashyap & Koteshwar (Kashyap and Koteshwar Rao 1990) | 1990 India | n= 25 teeth | Age= (A)+ (D)+ (T)+ (CE)/ 4 | Average error = ±1.59 years r = 0.998 | More accurate, reliable, and reproducible method. |
Lamendin (Lamendin et al. 1992) | 1992 Orleans | n= 306 single rooted teeth | - | Mean error = ±8.4 years | Periodontal attachment level was criticized as a parameter. |
Solheim (Solheim 1993) | 1993 Norway | n= 1000 teeth of Caucasian population | - | r= 0.78 to r= 0.91 or r= 0.76 to r =0.89 | Added 3 more parameters: Surface roughness, color of teeth, and gender of individual. |