Awareness of different forms of child abuse among Beni Suef University students: descriptive survey

Welson, Nermeen N.; Mohamed, Yasmen A.

doi:10.1186/s41935-019-0174-y

Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences

Table 4 Students’ opinions and attitudes

From: Awareness of different forms of child abuse among Beni Suef University students: descriptive survey

	Health science colleges		Non-health science colleges		Total
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Possible causes and risk factors
Commonest form
Negligence	188	25.41	296	31.22	484	28.67
Beating	190	25.68	246	25.95	436	25.83
Threat	300	40.54	336	35.44	636	37.68
Sexual abuse	52	7.03	58	6.12	110	6.52
Missing data	10	1.35	12	1.27	22	1.3
χ² = 8.33	P = 0.08
Early mother work
Approve	564	76.22	640	67.51	1204	71.33
Disapprove	170	22.97	296	31.22	466	27.61
Missing data	6	0.81	12	1.27	18	1.07
χ² = 15.47	P < 0.01
Father role
More	122	16.49	238	25.11	360	21.33
Equal	438	59.19	392	41.35	830	49.17
Less	168	22.7	284	29.96	452	26.78
No role	10	1.35	28	2.95	38	2.25
Missing data	2	0.27	6	0.63	8	0.47
χ² = 55.43	P < 0.01
Age at high risk
< 4 years	84	11.35	114	12.03	198	11.73
Primary school	484	65.41	638	67.30	1122	66.47
Prep school	142	19.19	146	15.40	288	17.06
Secondary school	16	2.16	34	3.59	50	2.96
University (˃ 17 years)	2	0.27	6	0.63	8	0.47
Missing data	12	1.62	10	1.05	22	1.3
χ² = 8.90	P = 0.11
Child labor
Approve	28	3.78	72	7.59	100	5.92
If greatly necessitated	150	20.27	272	28.69	422	25
Totally disapprove	534	72.16	570	60.13	1104	65.4
Missing data	28	3.78	34	3.59	62	3.67
χ² = 31.23	P < 0.01
Leaving kids unattended at home
Possible if < 6 years	40	5.43	66	6.99	106	6.31
7–9 years	204	27.72	288	30.51	492	29.29
10–12 years	232	31.52	258	27.33	490	29.17
13–15 years	122	16.58	122	12.92	244	14.52
16–18 years	138	18.75	210	22.25	348	20.71
Missing data	4	0.54	4	0.42	8	0.47
χ² = 11.42	P < 0.05
Student’s awareness about the problem of child sexual abuse
Problem size
Not a problem	32	4.32	24	2.53	56	3.32
Small problem	320	43.24	150	15.82	470	27.84
Large problem	382	51.62	772	81.43	1154	68.36
Missing data	6	0.81	2	0.21	8	0.47
χ² = 173	P < 0.01
Age at the greatest risk
< 4 years	80	10.81	80	8.44	160	9.48
Primary school	280	37.84	264	27.85	544	32.23
Prep school	158	21.35	160	16.88	318	18.84
Secondary school	138	18.65	238	25.11	376	22.27
University	66	8.92	168	17.72	234	13.86
Missing data	18	2.43	38	4.01	56	3.32
χ² = 53.87	P < 0.01
Sexual abusers
Family	118	15.95	176	18.57	294	17.42
Friends	214	28.92	276	29.11	490	29.03
Strangers	382	51.62	464	48.95	846	50.12
Missing data	26	3.51	32	3.38	58	3.44
χ² = 2.26	P = 0.52
Sexual education
Primary stage	176	23.78	338	35.62	514	30.45
Prep or secondary	380	51.35	324	34.18	704	41.71
Only campaigns	166	22.43	248	26.16	414	24.53
Not important at all	12	1.62	28	2.95	40	2.37
Missing data	6	0.81	10	1.05	16	0.95
χ² = 54.35	P < 0.01
Students awareness about abuse complications and control
Corporal punishment
Completely allowed	36	4.86	26	2.74	62	3.67
Allowed within limits	558	75.41	700	73.84	1258	74.53
Not allowed at all	144	19.46	220	23.21	364	21.56
Missing data	2	0.27	2	0.21	4	0.24
χ² = 8	P < 0.05
The most dangerous complication
Psychological problems	402	54.32	510	53.80	912	54.03
Personality changes	248	33.51	322	33.97	570	33.77
Study stumbling	42	5.68	46	4.85	88	5.21
Drugs addiction	26	3.51	56	5.91	82	4.86
Missing data	22	2.97	14	1.48	36	2.13
χ² = 9.85	P < 0.05
If you suspect abuse
Police calling	66	8.92	64	6.75	130	7.7
Talk with parents	584	78.92	822	86.71	1406	83.29
Do nothing	84	11.35	62	6.54	146	8.65
Missing data	6	0.81	0	0	6	0.35
χ² = 24.37	P < 0.01
Reporting lack
Lack of information	122	16.49	176	18.57	298	17.65
Lack of awareness	264	35.68	448	47.26	712	42.18
Lack of physical evidence	50	6.76	54	5.70	104	6.16
Noninterference in others affairs	284	38.38	250	26.37	534	31.64
Missing data	20	2.70	20	2.11	40	2.37
χ² = 34.55	P < 0.01
Students’ opinions about FGM
Approval of FGM
Approve	88	11.89	164	17.30	252	14.93
Disapprove	426	57.57	486	51.27	912	54.03
Do not know	226	30.54	294	31.01	520	30.81
Missing data	0	0	4	0.42	4	0.24
χ² = 14.35	P < 0.01
Origin
Religious cause	144	19.46	178	18.78	322	19.08
Social custom	578	78.11	760	80.17	1338	79.27
Do not know	18	2.43	10	1.05	28	1.66
χ² = 5.08 P = 0.08
Aim
Ethical	478	64.59	456	48.10	934	55.33
Hygiene	158	21.35	322	33.97	480	28.44
Early puberty	56	7.57	134	14.14	190	11.26
Do not know	48	6.49	36	3.80	84	4.98
χ² = 65.65	P < 0.01
FGM risks
Highly dangerous	220	29.73	388	40.93	608	36.02
Moderately dangerous	292	39.46	276	29.11	586	33.65
Low dangerous	124	16.76	132	13.92	256	15.16
Non dangerous	52	7.03	128	13.50	180	10.66
Do not know	52	7.03	24	2.53	76	4.5
χ² = 64.88	P < 0.01
Legal punishment
Approve	402	54.32	512	54.01	914	54.15
Disapprove	312	42.16	428	45.15	740	43.84
Do not know	26	3.51	8	0.84	34	2.01
χ² = 15.56	P < 0.01
Pregnancy affection
Yes	190	25.68	254	26.79	444	26.3
No	180	24.32	270	28.48	450	26.66
Maybe	350	47.30	418	44.09	768	45.5
Missing data	20	2.7	6	0.63	26	1.54
χ² = 15.39	P < 0.05

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