Table 1 Comparison of sociodemographic variables and suicide behavior characteristics

Age in years (mean ± SD)

28.81 ± 7.88

36.72 ± 14.72

1.06 (1.04–1.08), p < 0.001**

1.06 (1.03–1.09), p < 0.001**

 Female

81 (54%)

66 (32%)

Reference

Reference

 Male

69 (46%)

140 (68%)

2.49 (1.61–3.84), p < 0.001**

2.46 (1.39–4.34), p = 0.002*

Caste

–

 Forward caste

6 (4.0%)

9 (4.4%)

Reference

 Backward caste

69 (46.0%)

137 (66.5%)

0.76 (0.26–2.22), p = 0.618

 Scheduled caste

75 (50.0%)

53 (25.7%)

0.36 (0.23–0.58), p < 0.001**

 Schedule tribe

0 (0%)

7 (3.4%)

–

Religious affiliation

–

 Minority (Muslim and Christian)

51 (34.0%)

39 (18.9%)

Reference

 Hindu

99 (66.0%)

167 (81.1%)

2.20 (1.36–3.58), p = 0.001*

Marital status

 Married

123 (82.0%)

156 (75.7%)

Reference

 Never married or widow or separated

27 (18.0%)

50 (24.3%)

1.46 (0.86–2.47), p = 0.196

Family type

 Joint

47 (31.3%)

67 (32.5%)

Reference

 Nuclear

103 (68.7%)

139 (67.5%)

0.95 (0.60–1.49), p = 0.819

Education status

 Educated

116 (77.9%)

145 (70.4%)

Reference

 Uneducated

33 (22.1%)

61 (29.6%)

1.48 (0.91–2.41), p = 0.143

Occupation^a

 Employed

111 (74.0%)

167 (81.1%)

Reference

 Unemployed

39 (26.0%)

39 (18.9%)

0.66 (0.40–1.10), p = 0.113

 Socioeconomic score (mean ± SD)

26.32 ± 6.27

24.51 ± 7.68

0.96 (0.94–1.00), p = 0.022*

0.94 (0.90–0.98), p = 0.005*

Alcohol consumption

 No

118 (78.7%)

126 (61.2%)

Reference

–

 Yes

32 (21.3%)

80 (38.8%)

2.34 (1.45–3.79), p = 0.001*

Tobacco usage

 No

120 (80.0%)

159 (77.2%)

Reference

 Yes

30 (20.0%)

47 (22.8%)

1.18 (0.71–1.98), p = 0.602

Family history suicidal behavior

 No

101 (67.3%)

153 (74.3%)

Reference

 Yes

49 (32.7%)

53 (25.7%)

0.71 (0.45–1.13), p = 0.157

Previous suicide attempt

–

 No

128 (85.3%)

191 (92.7%)

Reference

 Yes

22 (14.7%)

15 (7.3%)

0.48 (0.24–0.97), p = 0.049*

Alcohol intoxication during the suicidal act

 No

122 (81.3%)

159 (77.2%)

Reference

 Yes

28 (18.7%)

47 (22.8%)

1.29 (0.76–2.18), p = 0.360

Season

 Winter

43 (29.3%)

42 (20.4%)

Reference

Reference

 Spring

42 (28.6%)

46 (22.3%)

1.12 (0.62–2.04), p = 0.707

0.78 (0.36–1.67), p = 0.516

 Summer

38 (25.9%)

59 (28.6%)

1.59 (0.88–2.86), p = 0.123

0.94 (0.44–2.00), p = 0.870

 Autumn

24 (16.3%)

59 (28.6%)

2.52 (1.33–4.76), p = 0.005*

2.53 (1.16–5.50), p = 0.019*

Method employed^b

 Violent

8 (5.3%)

61 (29.6%)

7.47 (3.45–16.17), p < 0.001**

17.82 (7.33–43.32), p < 0.001**

 Non-violent

142 (94.7%)

145 (70.4%)

Reference

Reference

Reason for the suicidal act

 Economic

38 (25.3%)

86 (41.7%)

2.11 (1.33–3.35), p = 0.001*

–

 Health

14 (9.3%)

36 (17.5%)

2.06 (1.066–3.97), p = 0.031*

–

 Marriage

51 (34.0%)

41 (19.9%)

0.48 (0.298–0.78), p = 0.003*

0.42 (0.22–0.78), p = 0.007*

 Personal/social

62 (41.3%)

61 (29.6%)

0.60 (0.384–0.93), p = 0.022*

–