Table 4 Comparison of DLLME-HPLC-PDA with other analytical methods for determination of morphine, codeine and methadone in biological samples
Method | Sample | Analyte | LOD (μg l−1) | %RSD | Recovery (%) | Extraction Time(min) | Author |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPE-FLC/DAD | Urine | Morphine | 7.6 | 5.5 | 72.83 | > 40 | Dams et al. 2002 |
Blood | Codeine | 6.3 | 5.4 | 85.39 | |||
SPE-HPLC/DAD | Plasma | Morphine | 24 | 4.02 | > 20 | Fernandez et al. 2006 | |
Codeine | 32 | 3.18 | – | ||||
DLLME - SFO –HPLC-UV | Plasma | Morphine | 5 | 7.4 | 55.2 | 0.5 | Leong and Huang 2008 |
Codeine | 5 | 6.5 | 66.3 | ||||
DLLME –HPLC-UV | Urine | Morphine | 7 | 6.1 | 31.5 | 4 | Shamsipur and Fattahi 2011 |
Codeine | 10 | 5.7 | 42.7 | ||||
DLLME –HPLC-UV | Urine Plasma | Methadone | 4.9 | 2.26 | 100.34 | 3 | Ranjbari et al. 2012 |
DLLME-CE-ESI-TOF-MS | Urine | Codeine | 0.5 | 74 | 74 | – | Kohler et al. 2013 |
Methadone | 0.25 | – | 90 | ||||
DLLME – HPLC-PDA | Plasma | Morphine | 28.5 | 3 | > 84 | 3.5 | Fernández et al. 2013 |
Methadone | 13.9 | 1.2 | |||||
DLLME-UA-LDS- GC/MS | Urine | Methadone | 1.5 | 4.7 | 86.5 | 3 | Meng et al. 2015 |
DLLME – HPLC-PDA | Urine | Morphine | 25 | 3.04 | 101.87 | 0.5 | Present Study |
Codeine | 9 | 3.8 | 93.5 | ||||
Methadone | 10 | 4.4 | 98.6 |