Table 1 Represents differences between DNA degradation in living and dead organisms
From: An overview of DNA degradation and its implications in forensic caseworks
Aspects | DNA degradation in living organisms | DNA degradation in dead organisms |
|---|---|---|
Mechanisms | 1) Nucleases involved in DNA replication, repair, and apoptosis 2) Autophagy 3) Oxidative stress 4) DNA repair pathways | 1) Autolysis and post-mortem processes 2) Nucleases released from the lysed cells 3) Microbial enzymes 4) Environmental factors (temperature, humidity, ultraviolet radiation) |
DNA fragmentation | Possible DNA fragmentation due to enzymatic cleavage | DNA fragmentation often accompanies DNA degradation |
Cellular regulation | Tightly regulated and controlled to maintain genomic integrity | No active cellular regulation or control |
Importance | Ensures proper DNA replication, repair, and programmed cell death | Implications for forensic science and paleogenomics |